DIEP FLAP – A GUIDE TO TISSUE BASED BREAST RECONSTRUCTION

Introduction

Breast reconstruction is a surgical procedure that aims to restore the appearance and shape of the breast after mastectomy. One of the options available for breast reconstruction is the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The DIEP flap involves using tissue from the lower abdomen to recreate the breast and is known for its natural appearance and feel.

What is a DIEP Flap?

A DIEP flap is a type of tissue-based breast reconstruction that uses skin, fat, and blood vessels from the lower abdomen to recreate the breast. The tissue is removed and transferred to the chest, where it is reshaped to resemble a breast. The DIEP flap procedure can be performed using a microsurgical technique, which involves connecting small blood vessels to ensure proper blood flow to the transferred tissue.

Advantages of DIEP Flap Reconstruction

There are several advantages to DIEP flap reconstruction, including:

1. Natural appearance and feel: The tissue used in DIEP flap reconstruction is taken from the patient’s own body, providing a more natural appearance and feel to the reconstructed breast.
2. Improved abdominal appearance: DIEP flap reconstruction can also provide a cosmetic benefit, as it may result in a flatter and more toned abdominal appearance.
3. Reduced need for external prostheses: DIEP flap reconstruction can reduce the need for external prostheses, such as a breast form, which can be uncomfortable and limit clothing options.
4. Minimal impact on abdominal muscle function: Unlike other flap procedures, such as the TRAM flap, the DIEP flap does not involve removing muscle from the abdomen, which can result in minimal impact on abdominal muscle function.

Preparing for DIEP Flap Surgery

Before undergoing DIEP flap surgery, it is important to discuss your options with your doctor and to consider the potential risks and benefits of the procedure. Your doctor will also provide specific instructions for preparing for the surgery, including any necessary dietary restrictions and medication adjustments.

Recovery and Aftercare

The recovery period following DIEP flap surgery will vary, depending on the individual patient and the specific procedure performed. Your doctor will provide specific instructions for aftercare, including any restrictions on physical activity and information on pain management.

Conclusion

DIEP flap reconstruction is a type of tissue-based breast reconstruction that uses skin, fat, and blood vessels from the lower abdomen to recreate the breast. The DIEP flap procedure offers a number of advantages over other forms of breast reconstruction, including a natural appearance and feel and minimal impact on abdominal muscle function. If you are considering DIEP flap surgery, it is important to discuss your options with your doctor to determine the best course of action for you.

Medically Reviewed By. Dr D H Buddhika Ubayawansa  (MBBS,MD(surgery) MRCS ( Edin) ) Consultant oncological surgeon